Surface Gravity Calculator

Calculate surface gravity (g = GM/r²) for any planet or body. Shows g in m/s² and Earth-g multiples. Includes all solar system planets and weight on other worlds.

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Surface Gravity
In Earth g units
In ft/s²
Extended More scenarios, charts & detailed breakdown
kg
m
Surface Gravity
In Earth g units
Professional Full parameters & maximum detail
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Gravity

Surface Gravity
In Earth g units
g at altitude

Personal & Derived

Your Weight on this body
Escape Velocity

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter planet mass in kg and radius in meters to compute surface gravity.
  2. Or use From Density & Radius tab if you know mean density.
  3. Select a preset in the Solar System tab for instant comparisons.
  4. Professional tier adds your weight on that world, latitude correction, and altitude variation.

Formula

g = GM/r²  |  G = 6.67430×10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg²

From density: g = (4/3)πGρr

In Earth g: g / 9.807

Example

Mars: M = 6.417×10²³ kg, r = 3.3895×10⁶ m → g = 6.674×10⁻¹¹ × 6.417×10²³ / (3.3895×10⁶)² ≈ 3.72 m/s² (0.379g)

Frequently Asked Questions

  • Surface gravity is the gravitational acceleration at a body's surface: g = GM/r², where G = 6.67430×10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg², M is the body's mass, and r is its radius. Earth's surface gravity is ~9.807 m/s².
  • Mars has a surface gravity of ~3.72 m/s² (0.379 g). A 70 kg person weighs 70 × 9.81 = 686 N on Earth but only 70 × 3.72 = 260 N on Mars.
  • Jupiter is enormous — its radius is 11× Earth's. Since g = GM/r², the huge radius partially offsets the large mass. Jupiter's surface gravity is ~24.8 m/s² = 2.53g.
  • Yes: g = (4/3)πGρr, where ρ is the average density and r is the radius. This is useful when density is known but exact mass is not.
  • Earth is slightly oblate (flattened at poles). Equatorial g ≈ 9.780 m/s², polar g ≈ 9.832 m/s². The difference is due to both shape and centrifugal effect from rotation.

Related Calculators

Sources & References (5)
  1. NASA Planetary Fact Sheet — NASA NSSDCA
  2. NIST CODATA — Gravitational Constant G — NIST CODATA
  3. University Physics Vol. 1, Ch. 13: Gravitation — OpenStax
  4. Gravity — HyperPhysics — Georgia State University HyperPhysics
  5. Solar System Dynamics — JPL — NASA JPL